The History of Table Tennis 1. The Old Table Tennis. In 1904, Wang Daoping, the manager of a stationery store in Shanghai Sima Road, bought 10 sets of table tennis equipment from Japan, such as : table tennis table, net, ball and racket with holes, and put them in the store. He personally gave a performance of playing table tennis and introduced the situation of playing table tennis in Japan, so that table tennis activities began in China. In 1916, the boy&;s department of Shanghai YMCA added a table tennis room and table tennis table, and students also started it. Later, this activity was also carried out in several big cities such as Beijing, Tianjin and Guangzhou, but few people participated. In 1925, various cups were held in Shanghai, including the Akiyama Cup between the Chinese team and Japanese overseas Chinese living in China. In 1927, the Chinese team went to Japan for a visit competition, and in August of the same year, they participated in the China-Japan Table Tennis Exhibition Competition of the Eighth Far East Games held in Shanghai. In 1930, he participated in the table tennis competition of the 9th Far East Games held in Tokyo. However, the technical level is not high, and more negative wins less. In 1935, the All-China Table Tennis Association was established, which initiated and organized a national table tennis competition conference, but only Shanghai, Tianjin, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Nanjing, Qingdao, Macao and other teams actually participated in the competition. In January, 1935, ITTF invited China to join the ITTF and participate in the 9th World Table Tennis Championships, but it was not realized due to lack of funds. In the dark old days, due to the influence of rule and war, the majority of people lived in it. Without the conditions to engage in physical exercise, table tennis could not develop healthily. Second, the new provides unprecedented conditions for table tennis. After its establishment in 1949, with the attention and care of the CPC, table tennis in China gained a new life. In October 1952, the &”;First National Table Tennis Competition Conference&”; was held in Beijing, the capital, with 62 male and female players from six administrative regions (Central South, North China, Northeast China, Southwest China, Northwest China and East China) and railway system sports associations, which opened a new page in the development history of new table tennis. At the same time, the Table Tennis Department of the All-China Sports Federation joined the ITTF. Since then, mass table tennis activities in China have developed rapidly, and various national table tennis competitions are held every year. Third, the growth of table tennis team Our country loves table tennis and cares about our table tennis team. Since the table tennis team was established in 1953, it has experienced a development process from failure to victory, from weak to strong. Excellent results have been achieved in the World Table Tennis Championships and various international competitions. The table tennis team has traveled all over five continents. Through competitions and friendly visits, it has made positive contributions to enhancing the friendship of all countries in the world and promoting the development of table tennis in the world. (1) Stand the test of battle (1953-1957): Participating in international table tennis competitions is the best opportunity to improve and test the level of table tennis. In the spring of 1953, the table tennis team participated in the 20th World Table Tennis Championships held in Bucharest for the first time. In this competition, although Austria, Sweden, West Germany and other teams were defeated, they were defeated by Britain and Hungary respectively.Italy, Czechoslovakia and other strong teams. In the team competition, the Chinese men&;s team was rated as the tenth in the first level and the women&;s team as the third in the second level. When the young players just entered the world table tennis world, some European countries looked down on the traditional fast attack style of China, and thought that the backhand technique was not as comprehensive as the horizontal stroke technique. However, we think that the backhand and the horizontal backhand have different advantages. The fast break that Chinese backhand players are good at has its own characteristics, but the ability to deal with chopping is still poor, coupled with the lack of international competition experience, so that the characteristic instinct of attacking the ball is fully exerted. In order to change this situation and make Chinese players have a variety of styles of play, China began to advocate and train some horizontal stroke players and study the skills of European chopper players. In the summer of 1954, the table tennis team went to Hungary to attend the 12th World Congress, and won the third and fourth place in men&;s singles, the third place in women&;s singles and the third place in men&;s doubles, ranking second only to Hungary in total score. It shows that the technical level of Chinese players has improved faster than when they participated in the world championship in 1953, which has begun to attract the attention of the international table tennis community. In August, 1955, the table tennis team took part in the table tennis competition of the 2nd International Youth Friendship Games held in Warsaw. Our country&;s hand showed its edge, beating the outstanding players from Japan, Romania and France respectively, and won the second and third place in men&;s singles, the third place in women&;s singles and the second place in mixed doubles. In March 1956, in the 23rd World Table Tennis Championships in Tokyo, the men&;s team defeated the Asian champions South Vietnam and the United States, and lost to Britain, Japan and Romania. As a result, the men&;s team in China rose to the sixth place in the first level, and the women&;s team rose from the second level to the first level. Although our players have made remarkable progress in attacking skills, due to poor accuracy, many games that have already led and are likely to win have been recovered by the other side and failed. Therefore, Chin:&;s quickness and ferocity in attacking the ball must be combined with accuracy in order to play its role better. This understanding urged the fast-break players to pay attention to the training of basic skills, gradually improved the accuracy of pulling and attacking, and laid the foundation for creating good results later. In the 24th World Table Tennis Championships in Stockholm in 1957, the men&;s and women&;s teams defeated the seed team Romania and the British team respectively, and both won the right to the final. Wang Chuanyao, a Chinese player, defeated Ichiro, an excellent Japanese athlete, and Sun Meiying, a female player, defeated Ann Haydn, an excellent British player, in the team competition, which initially showed the power of the two-sided attack with a straight hand and the attack with a left push and a right push. China&;s men&;s team rose from the sixth place in the first level to the fourth place in the first level, and the women&;s team rose from the eleventh place in the first level to the third place in the first level, and achieved good results. During the short four years from 1953 to 1957. In the World Table Tennis Championships, China&;s table tennis team jumped from obscurity to the ranks of the world&;s top teams, which strongly illustrated the progress made in table tennis in China, and also showed that we had achieved initial results in implementing the policy of &”;letting a hundred flowers blossom&”; and adhering to the development direction of focusing on ourselves. (2) Rushing towardsWorld Peak (1959-1965) : In 1958, China&;s table tennis team reviewed the battle course of several years, analyzed our team&;s situation with European teams and Japanese teams, and thought that what foreign athletes could do, our new players would certainly do it. Rong Guotuan, a Guangdong athlete, was the first to draw up a plan to win the world championship, which led Chinese athletes to March to the world table tennis peak. Everyone is in the stadium, with their motherland in their hearts and the world in their hearts, and their fighting spirit is high. They have carried out the most training and competition activities to compete, learn, catch up, help and surpass in big sports. The table tennis association also lost no time in organizing several training sessions for outstanding athletes from all over the country, which played a very good role in promoting the rapid improvement of skills. Rong Guotuan is not only diligent in studying and practicing, but also good at practicing skillfully. He often likes to say that &”;playing ball is not only with hands, but more importantly with brains&”;. He created the turning and non-turning serve, rubbing attack tactics and the technique of pulling the side up, which made important contributions to enriching and developing the traditional fast-break play in China. In the 25th World Table Tennis Championships, he won the first world championship for China with his boldness of vision. The whole table tennis team also won the third place in five events by leaps and bounds, and six male players entered the top 16. This is an extremely important and good start for China&;s table tennis team, which has a profound impact on the subsequent journey. In the first spring of 1960s, the table tennis team sounded the clarion call to March into the world&;s technical peak in an all-round way. On the eve of the 26th World Table Tennis Championships, 108 players were trained intensively. They are ambitious, ambitious, despise difficulties strategically, attach importance to difficulties tactically, and carry out serious and hard training. In 1960, when Japan invented the curveball, which was a great threat, the training team did not waver in thinking, and quickly conducted investigation and research. On this basis, several players who played curveball were trained in time. At the same time, they made targeted technical and tactical training on the fast-break play in China&;s near-Taiwan, repeated practice and constantly summing up experience, which made the players despise the real king of curveball strategically and attach importance to it tactically, and they both had the confidence to dare to fight and fight. In addition, it is also very important that the purpose of this training is very clear. Every athlete takes climbing the peak as his own goal, so the consciousness of training is very strong, and no matter how hard and tired he is, he can maintain his vigorous study and hard work, thus training a group of players with extensive adaptability and his own unique style. Before the 26th Championship, 70 players were selected to form a table tennis team with an average age of only 21 years old. The main players of the men&;s and women&;s teams, who mainly played the fast break with direct strokes, fully d their strength and won three championships (the men&;s team won the team championship for the first time, the women&;s team won the first women&;s singles world championship for China, and won the men&;s singles championship again) and four second and eight third. In the joy of competition and victory, the team deeply realized that there is nothing difficult in :, as long as you are willing to climb. In the process of struggling to climb, we must first establish a clear target of main attack, and on the other hand, we must study hard and master excellent skills, which are indispensable.Missing one. Climbing the technical peak of table tennis in the world is the same as climbing the peak of anything else. You are afraid of low level, lack of ambition, difficulties and lack of motivation. With a clear goal and hard training, there will be no insurmountable difficulties and no unattainable peaks. The achievements of the table tennis team in the 26th World Championship not only greatly inspired all table tennis players, but also promoted the vigorous development of table tennis in China, which set off a &”;table tennis craze&”; among tens of millions of teenagers. In the 27th World Championship in Prague in 1963, the results of the women&;s team were not satisfactory. The team won three championships, two second and seven third. In the men&;s team final, the team played not only two fast-break backhand games, but also a backhand chopper, Zhang Xielin, which showed a greater advantage than the 26th championship. The men&;s doubles champion was won by Zhang Xielin and Wang Zhiliang, which showed that all kinds of playing styles and technical styles of table tennis in China can climb the world technical peak. For preparing for the Second World Cotton Championships, the men&;s team has the problem of &”;jumping from the top&”;, while the women&;s team focuses on how to play a &”;turnaround battle&”;. Under the guidance of ideology, the team attaches great importance to learning and applying materialist dialectics to guide training, competition and summing up experience. During the training period, in order to improve the confidence and courage of the women&;s team, Comrade Xu Yinsheng told the women&;s team about his experience in playing ball. After reading this speech, the comrades thought it was full of dialectical materialism, and personally made important instructions from 《关于如何打乒乓球》, which greatly encouraged the comrades of the table tennis team. The women&;s team learned the instructions from the comrades and further found four reasons for the failure in the last championship. : did not dare to win ideologically; Technically, it is not too hard, and the team is not connected; The combination of leaders, coaches and athletes is not done well. Then, various measures were taken, especially focusing on training and boldly employing young athletes such as Lin Huiqing, Zheng Minzhi, Li Henan and Liang Lizhen, and encouraging them to build up their ambitions, practice their basic skills and fight for a good turnaround. In the long run, the State Sports Commission, the Ministry of Education and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League jointly issued a notic: to vigorously carry out the national table tennis for girls and teenagers and hold the national table tennis competition for girls and teenagers. Under this call, outstanding young players such as Zhang Li, Zheng Huaiying, Hu Yulan and Huang Xiping have emerged, which has cultivated a relatively strong reserve force for the future. In the second world championship, the women&;s team made a beautiful turnaround. The men&;s and women&;s teams won five championships (both men&;s and teams won the team championship), five second and six third, which created the best results in the team&;s history and was generally regarded as &”;the number one table tennis country in the world&”;. The achievements of China&;s table tennis team in this world championship have further promoted the popularization of table tennis in China. According to incomplete statistics, nearly 90 million people in China have participated in table tennis to varying degrees, so some foreign friends call table tennis the &”;national ball&”;. (3) New itinerary (sinc: entered the 1970s from 1971 to 1979, due toThe rapid improvement of table tennis skills in various countries, especially the revival of Europe, has greatly changed the strength contrast. After the team re-participated in the world competition in April 1971, from the 31st to the 35th sessions, the men&;s team won 6 semi-championships (half in mixed doubles), 6 semi-second and 6 semi-third, while the women&;s team won 10 semi-championships, 9 semi-second and 10 third. The above achievements have been achieved, in addition to the development of China&;s direct-shot fast-break play, but also successfully created a play that can not be combined with both sides of the racket. In recent years, under the premise of maintaining and developing the specialty, China has begun to master the appropriate rotation technology, striving to achieve speed as the main factor, supplemented by rotation, and strive to achieve fast break in the game. If you can&;t fast break, you will be locked with the opponent at a certain speed, and then turn to fast break to give play to speed, which enriches and develops the fast break style to a certain extent. However, on the way forward, the table tennis team also has some shortcomings and deficiencies, which are mainly manifested in the fact that the basic skills of various styles of play are not solid enough, the ability to deal with loop balls is not strong enough, and the physical quality is not good enough. In particular, there is no major innovation in fast-break play, and there is no major breakthrough in key technologies, so the development of technology and play is correspondingly slow, which is one of the reasons for the frustration of men&;s events in the 35th competition. From the positive and negative experienc: table tennis technology is developing continuously. We should not only insist on focusing on ourselves, but also earnestly absorb the advantages of foreign countries and constantly enrich and develop our own methods. Only in this way can we overcome difficulties and win in the competition. At the 1991 World Table Tennis Championships in Chiba, Japan, the head coach of the men&;s team was changed from Xu Shaofa to Yun Enting. Two years ago, Dortmund&;s defeat made the team aware of the backwardness of the fast-break technique. In this World Table Tennis Championships, Ma, Wang Tao, Chen Zhibin and Zhang lei in the men&;s team lineup were all straight, and only Shen Tong, the third place in the men&;s singles in the last World Table Tennis Championships, was straight. However, this horizontal racket team failed to bring dawn to the confused team. In front of the quarter-final opponent Czech team, the men&;s team stopped moving forward and finally won the seventh place in the group. What is even more distressing is that Chen Zhibin&;s forehand arc can&;t pull the straight backhand pocket of North Korea&;s Jin Chengxi, and the backwardness of men&;s table tennis skills has fallen to an all-time low in the world. The Swedish team has grown into the strongest team in men&;s table tennis in the world. They not only won the men&;s team championship, but also won the gold medals in men&;s singles and men&;s doubles. While the men&;s team lost, the women&;s team also lost to the Korea-Korea United in the team final, so they had to give up the Columbian Cup, which was settled in 1975. But it was at this World Table Tennis Championships that Deng Yaping, the legendary figure of the women&;s team, began the process of sweeping the world women&;s table tennis world. Although Deng Yaping lost to North Korean star Yu Shunfu in the women&;s team final, she won the women&;s singles championship. Since then, the world women&;s table tennis has entered the &”;Deng Yaping era&”;. In addition, at this World Table Tennis Championships, Chen Zihe/Gao Jun and Wang Tao/Liu Wei also won the women&;s doubles and mixed doubles respectively. Although it is also on a single item.There are gains, but both men&;s and women&;s teams lost, especially the men&;s team fell to the seventh place, which cast a layer of gray on the team returning from Chiba, and the table tennis team entered an extremely difficult period. The table tennis team in trouble is gestating new hope. Under the strong recommendation of Xu Shaofa, Cai Zhenhua, who returned from Italy in 1989, took on the responsibility of the head coach of the men&;s team at this time. He led the table tennis team forward in the mud, and people looked forward to watching this team with hope that it could return to the top of the world as soon as possible. In the second World Cup team competition held that year, the men&;s team defeated Sweden in the final and won the men&;s team championship. A group of young players represented by Kong Linghui and Liu Guoliang are now maturing step by step. In 1992, at the Grand Prix held in Chengdu, Liu Guoliang, who was only 16 years old, surprised four people with a stroke of &”;backhand hitting&”;. He defeated Waldner, Kim Choe-soo and other world famous players in this competition, and the traditional straight fast attack style ignited new hope. In 1992, Cai Zhenhua decided to take men&;s doubles as a breakthrough, and the important task of winning the championship fell on Wang Tao/Lv Lin. They really lived up to expectations and won the championship by defeating German famous Roskov/Fitzner in the final. This gold medal sounded the horn for the recovery of the men&;s team. Deng Yaping also won two gold medals in women&;s singles and women&;s doubles in this competition, becoming the most dazzling star in table tennis in Barcelona. The 42nd World Table Tennis Championships was held in Gothenburg in 1993. The men&;s team competition attracted the most attention. The team joined forces with the old enemy Sweden in the final, and the final lineup was Wang Hao, Ma and Wang Tao. Considering that Wang Hao, who is experienced, can&;t lose two points alone, the coaching staff ranked him as the first main force, while Ma, who is at his peak, ranked him as the second main force. Unexpectedly, in the first set, Wang Hao played against Sweden&;s No.2 main force Karlsson, and they reached the deciding game. Wang Hao played too conservatively with a lead of 19: 16, and Karlsson won by chasing five points. In the second set, Ma easily defeated Waldner. In the third set, Wang Tao lost to persson again. In the fourth set, Wang Hao, who was under too much psychological pressure, failed to withstand the impact of Waldner, and the team missed the championship again. Cai Zhenhua, the coach who stood on the podium of the runner-up, was dissatisfied. He told reporters: I really want to pull Sweden off the podium and play another game. At the 42nd World Table Tennis Championships, a new term came into people&;s field of vision: Overseas Corps. Here, the overseas corps refers to those who have never gone out to represent other associations in international competitions. Most of them have been practicing solid basic skills and have a high level of competition, and they are familiar with the skills and tactics of domestic players. For a period of time, they are more threatening to their players than those of foreign players. In the women&;s singles competition of this World Table Tennis Championships, Qiao Hong, the 40th World Table Tennis Championships champion, and Deng Yaping, the 41st World Table Tennis Championships champion, were eliminated by Jie Schoepp, who represented Germany, and Jing Junhong, who represented Singapore. There are many reasons for the formation of overseas corps, and He Zhili, who represented the Japanese team at the 1994 Hiroshima Asian Games, left the deepest impression on people.Fans still clearly remember the harsh &”;yo-hee&”; sound of the stadium at that time. He Zhili, who was the champion of women&;s singles in the 39th World Table Tennis Championships, has changed her name to koyama chire and played for the Japanese team. In the women&;s singles final, she unexpectedly defeated Deng Yaping to win the championship. In 1995, the 43rd World Table Tennis Championships kicked off in Tianjin. This is the second World Table Tennis Championships held since Beijing hosted the 26th World Table Tennis Championships in 1961. The men&;s team, which takes advantage of the right time and the right place, vowed to fight a beautiful turnaround at home. At this time, the men&;s team not only has veterans Ma and Wang Tao whose skills and tactics are quite mature, but also young teenagers Liu Guoliang and Kong Linghui who are eager to try their skills in the world series. In addition, at this World Table Tennis Championships, the team also sent a secret weapon: chopper Ding Song. Ding Song holds the racket in his right hand, with reverse glue on the front and positive glue on the back. The spun and non-spun ball cut out is very stable, and it has a strong attack power. The men&;s team successfully reached the final, and the opponent was Sweden. The team&;s lineup is Ma, Wang Tao and Ding Song. In the game, Ding Song really played the role of Indiana Jones. In the case of a draw between the two sides in the first two sets, he easily broke through Carlson&;s defense line and determined the leading edge for the team. In the end, the team beat Sweden 3-2 and won swaythling cup again. This day kept the team waiting for six years. Inspired by the men&;s team&;s turnaround, the team repeated the glory of the 36th World Table Tennis Championships at this World Table Tennis Championships and won all seven championships again, among which Deng Yaping won three gold medals in women&;s team, women&;s singles and women&;s doubles. Wang Tao/Liu Wei won the mixed doubles championship for the third time in a row. To this end, the ITTF specially presented the team with a fake Hedusek Cup to commemorate their achievements. Teenagers Kong Linghui and Liu Guoliang joined forces in the men&;s singles final, and finally Kong Linghui won the championship, which is also the first singles world champion won by the men&;s players in the horizontal bar, and their horizontal bar skills have fully matured. In 1996, the table tennis team went out to Atlanta and won all four gold medals again. In the men&;s singles final, Liu Guoliang, a teenager, defeated Wang Tao, a senior, and won the championship. So far, the younger generation of players in China have fully matured. The two rounds of the two competitions have once again set off a table tennis craze, and the emergence of young players such as Kong Linghui and Liu Guoliang has brought table tennis into the idol era. In 1997, the 44th World Table Tennis Championships returned to Manchester, England, the birthplace of table tennis. Here, the team won six gold medals, and only the men&;s singles champion was won by Sweden&;s Waldner. At the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok, the team lost the gold medal in men&;s singles again. Kim Choe-soo, a famous Korean player, showed great courage in this Asian Games, and won the men&;s singles competition by defeating Kong Linghui and Liu Guoliang successively. Wang Nan, a young teenager, won four gold medals in women&;s team, women&;s singles, women&;s doubles and mixed doubles at this Asian Games, thus filling the vacancy of the first main force of the women&;s team after Deng Yaping retired. The 45th World Table Tennis Championships in 1999 was originally planned to be held in Yugoslavia, but the bombing of NATO forced the World Table Tennis Championships to be rescheduled. Table tennis, originally the messenger of peace, was disturbed by the war this time. In August 1999, the individual events of the 45th World Table Tennis Championships were held in.Held in Eindhoven, Netherlands, the team won all five gold medals. Liu Guoliang fought hard for five games in the men&;s singles final of this World Table Tennis Championships to win the men&;s singles championship. So far, Liu Guoliang has become the second Grand Slam player in the world table tennis world after Waldner. In April, 2000, the 45th World Table Tennis Championships was held in Kuala Lumpur. The women&;s team won the championship successfully, but Liu Guoliang, the main player of the men&;s team, was extremely . In the final against Sweden, he lost to Waldner and persson successively, and one man lost two points in a row, resulting in the team losing swaythling cup. Prior to this, Liu Guoliang had played against Waldner six times without losing. Half a year later, people realized that Liu Guoliang was suspected of taking illegal drugs by the ITTF because of a urine test. After half a year&;s examination, he finally proved his innocence. While waiting for his innocence, Liu Guoliang was under unprecedented pressure. From October 1st, 2000, the ITTF changed the diameter of the competition ball to 40mm. This reform has a great impact on the existing table tennis technology, which will definitely eliminate a number of athletes and bring table tennis into a new era. In September, 2000, it was the last competition in Sydney&;s small ball era. At this session, the table tennis team won the gold medal again. Kong Linghui defeated Waldner in the men&;s singles final and became the third grand slam winner in the world table tennis. The era of small ball is over, and the table tennis team at its peak has drawn a satisfactory full stop for its own small ball era. A month later, the first world competition in the Big Ball era: the Men&;s World Cup started in Yangzhou. Marin, a player who failed to make the Sydney Olympic team, won the World Cup and became the first world champion in the Big Ball era. This gold medal also indicates that the table tennis team entering the Big Ball era will continue to be brilliant and honorable.