Shu Han died in just 42 years, but Zhuge Liang was by no means the culprit. On the contrary, Shu Han might have finished in ten years without Zhuge Liang. From 218 to 219, Liu Bei&;s battle in Hanzhong, although victorious, occupied Hanzhong, but almost dragged down the economy of Shu Han; In 219, Guan Yu lost the battle of Xiangfan and lost Jingzhou, which made Shu Han badly hurt. In 222, Liu Bei&;s Yiling was defeated, which made Shu Han completely collapse. On his deathbed, Liu Bei said dejectedly to Zhuge Liang, &”;Adou, the child, will help if he can, but if he can&;t, he will do it himself.&”; Liu Bei didn&;t say it clearly, which means that it will be over sooner or later anyway, so do what you want. But after five years of painstaking efforts, Zhuge Liang finally restored the vitality of Shu Han and saved the collapsed economy again. Without Zhuge Liang&;s hard support, Shu Han would have been finished. The reason why Zhuge Liang then started the Northern Expedition seems to be the belligerence, but in fact it is Zhuge Liang&;s greatest wisdom, taking attack as the best defense strategy. Through the Northern Expedition, we always kept enough pressure on Cao Wei in the northwest to prevent Dongwu from falling to Cao Wei. Only by maintaining the three pillars can Shu Han have a chance to survive. At the same time, there are many factions in Shuhan, including Jingzhou School, Dongzhou School and Shutu School. Only by maintaining a state of war and implementing wartime management can it be conducive to maintaining stability. Bao Yan has said several times about the strategy of the Northern Expedition, so I don&;t want to say more here. Zhuge Liang&;s merits and demerits are debatable for the history of China&;s unification and the people of Shu and Han. But for Shu Han, for Liu Bei and his son, it is by no means the culprit, and it is the loyal minister and sage who &”;do his best and die&”;.